Just about everyone has suffered from a headache during their life. Since we have all experienced the pain of a headache, diagnosing a headache may seem like a simple task. You might be surprised to find out however that it can be more difficult than you would think.
Physicians have no general and definitive set of tests for diagnosing headaches. If you feel it, you feel it. But no one else can literally and directly feel your pain, so doctors have to rely on what you report. And, when it comes to reporting symptoms, descriptions can vary wildly.
Some people simply aren't as articulate as others in describing what they feel. The vocabulary for describing it is lacking to an extent as well. Calling a feeling a 'stabbing pain' is (literally speaking) just a metaphor. In many cases, the pain is diffuse, making it difficult to report even the location accurately.
Another difficulty in diagnosis lies in the fact that headaches are not all of one type.
Simple tension headaches - produced by inflamed neck or facial muscles, constricted head blood vessels and other causes - don't generally get diagnosed professionally at all. They're treated with analgesics or just endured until they fade. Migraines, on the other hand, are more intense and periodic. Even here almost half of migraine sufferers never see a physician for their condition.
Physicians can use some objective factors in diagnosing the type of headache, in order to recommend a reasonable treatment.
Even though the pain is subjective, the type of pain is indicative of the type of headache. Migraines, for example, often produce intense throbbing or pulsating sensations. Ordinary tension headaches are typically more regular and diffuse.
Migraine headaches are often accompanied by nausea and vomiting, sensitivity to light and sound, cold extremities and other signs that those afflicted recognize. Since they tend to be roughly the same from one person to another, that forms an objective group of symptoms that professionals can rely on to form a proper diagnosis.
Cluster headaches are intense pain behind the eye, or temple, that occur for short periods (30 min to 1.5 hours, typically), then re-occur the next day around the same time. This can go on for weeks. Since it's fairly regular, here again physicians have something to go on.
In cases where the headache is the effect of some serious underlying neurologic or other condition, such as a brain tumor, physicians can look for those factors when headaches are reported.
CT or MRI scans can be used to look for well-documented brain activity patterns that can correlate the headache to the underlying physical problem. Headaches that progressively worsen provide doctors an additional clue. Patterns which shift rapidly are another. In some cases an aneurysm (weakening of a blood vessel) that is the root cause can be detected this way.
In those cases where the headache is the result of incorrect medication use - MOH (medication overuse headache) - physicians have the history of the medication used to assist their diagnoses. Medical history of another sort is helpful, too. Migraines run in families, while cluster headaches do not.
Diagnosing headaches is a difficult process. The variety of types and multitude of symptoms create a complex set of factors that make it challenging to diagnose. Obtaining as much information from the patient and tests is the best way to properly diagnose the headache.
Frequent Headcahe Causes
In the case of aspirin, for example, Bayer - the German company - lost exclusivity, of both the compound and the name, as a result of Germany's loss of WWI.
To die or not to die, that is the question!
No, not really. It's hard not to take a microscope to your body when you're surrounded by sick hepatitis patients when you, yourself have been diagnosed with hepatitis. It's scary.
When I don't feel good, immediately I focus on my liver. Or the Sjogren's Syndrome. Or the autoimmune hepatitis. It shouldn't be like that. A simple headache could be a simple headache. Nausea could be from something I ate.
Anyway, listen up.
Genentech is alerting healthcare professionals about two new safety issues for Avastin or bevacizumab, a drug used to treat certain colorectal and lung cancers.
The first is a rare brain-capillary leak problem called reversible posterior
leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS). RPLS is a neurological disorder associated with hypertension, fluid retention and the cytotoxic effects of immunosuppressive drugs on the vascular endothelium. The onset of symptoms can occur from 16 hours to 1 year after starting Avastin treatment. These symptoms can include headache, seizures, visual disturbances and altered mental function with or without hypertension.
An MRI is needed to establish a diagnosis of RPLS. The company says that if your patient develops RPLS, you should stop Avastin therapy and start treating the hypertension, if present. Symptoms of RPLS usually resolve or improve within days, although some patients continue to have ongoing neurological sequela. It is not known whether it is safe to restart Avastin therapy in patients who have already experienced RPLS.
The second safety issue concerns patients on Avastin who have experienced perforation of the nasal septum. Seven cases of this adverse event have been reported since the drug was marketed.
There are things that expectant mothers can do during the entire pregnancy to minimize discomfort. Because the pain is so intense, however, the effects can be perceived to spread to other parts of the head. While migraines occur in 10 percent of people, much fewer than one percent of people have cluster headaches. Aspirin also interferes with the creation of blood clots (prostaglandins play a part there, too).
The headaches will usually re-occur during the same time of day each day.
One form known as DHE (dihydroergotamine) comes in a nasal spray, which has the advantage of entering the blood stream quickly through the thin nasal membranes. Amitriptyline and doxepin are two common drugs of this type, and they have a painkilling effect as well at low doses. Red wine in particular is a common trigger for headaches for those who are sensitive, and the degree of sensitivity can change during pregnancy. Delivery systems have changed over the years, too. In 'primary headaches' the head pain is itself the medical condition.
